This winter’s mild weather has been an unusual surprise and a source of confusion for outdoor plants. As gardeners eagerly anticipate spring, there are some steps to take now to be prepared.

Flowers, shrubs and trees

“Some people are concerned with bulbs and daffodils coming up (due to the mild weather),” said Mike Bellanca, store manager for Siebenthaler’s Garden Center South in Centerville. “Don’t worry; nature will right itself.”

Bellanca suggests cleaning out any weeds or dead plant material from flower beds. The next step is to till the soil and add cow manure, compost or fertilizer into the ground.

He advises applying a weed killer this month to help control weeds.

“It keeps weed seed from germinating,” Bellanca said. “Don’t use it in areas where you are seeding a garden.” Corn gluten is an organic option for those concerned about chemicals.

Bellanca also recommends fertilizing trees and shrubs. After applying the weed killer, add mulch as needed.

While waiting for perennials to return plant hardy annuals, such as pansies and primrose. The best time to plant the pansies is now, and the primrose can be planted in early- or mid-April.

If the weather turns cold, don’t worry.

“Temperatures in the high 20s or low 30s won’t affect the annuals,” Bellanca said. “If it gets down to the teens or single digits, then you can cover the primrose with newspaper.”

Vegetables

Larry Scott, owner of the Knollwood Garden Center in Beavercreek, said winter cleanup is also important for vegetable gardens.

“Disease comes from old material or debris,” Scott said.

Scott also encourages new gardeners to consider backyard containers.

“Lifestyles have changed,” he said. “People want fresh produce, but don’t want to be married to the backyard every weekend. It’s important to start small.”

Soil health is important as plants need the right conditions to grow.

Scott advises planting potatoes, lettuce, spinach and onions in March. Watch the weather to determine a good time to plant, and cover the seeds with row cover if needed to protect them from cold weather. Peas can be planted in early April, and the ground should be tilled in April to plant tomatoes in May.

Growing items in a pot or using a trellis is ideal for those who have a small yard. Scott recommends novice gardeners start with lettuce, broccoli, tomatoes, zucchini or cucumber.

Bellanca suggests starting indoor plants, such as tomatoes and peppers, in the beginning of March.

“They will do well in a moderately sunny window,” he said.

For more information, call Knollwood Garden Center at (937) 426-0861, or call Siebenthaler’s Garden Center South at (937) 434-1326.